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Glossary of Gbe Terms

Please explore some of the key Gbe words that our research group was able to decipher. For a full translation of the Dutch Creole version of the letter, see Van Rossem and van der Voort, Die Creol Taal. adga: Adga is likely a reference to Aja, an ethnic group in modern-day Togo and Benin that traces its origins to Tado. Aja also refers to a language in the Gbe family. To learn about Aja and the other Gbe languages spoken […]

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Contributors

Casey Gallagher is a 2024 UC Santa Barbara graduate with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Environmental Studies and a minor degree in Comparative Literature. She was honored with Distinction in the Major and the Distinguished Senior Thesis Award after completing a year-long Senior Thesis in which she examined how environmental rhetoric associated with ‘Big Oil’ has shifted from 1968 to 2024, and how this has impacted American environmental views and practices. Her research interests include environmental justice, religion and nature, […]

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Epilogue: The Future of Endangerment

by Lisa H. Sideris To be threatened is to be at risk of endangerment; to be endangered means to be at risk of extinction. The ultimate goal of listing species as threatened or endangered is to one day remove them from such lists. The process of removal, called delisting, can occur because a species has gone extinct or because it has achieved recovery. Fortunately, the percentage of species delisted for reasons of recovery exceeds that of removals owing to extinction—though […]

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The Butterfly Effect

Butterfly metamorphosis, symbolic across many cultures of self-creation and radical change, inspires experiments in performance art and collective transformation of extractivist society.

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Symbolic Appropriations

California dreams of high-energy, far-flung mobility converge and collide with the sacred symbolism of a placemaking butterfly.

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Good Fences and Good Neighbors in Smoky Hollow, U.S.A.

A major oil refinery in Southern California discovers an endangered butterfly and a PR campaign is launched.

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The Making of An Urban Butterfly

A rapidly expanding airfield came to play a defining role in the survival prospects of the El Segundo blue butterfly.

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What Does It Mean to Be Protected?

Habitats that appear insignificant and uninviting to the human eye often provide a safe haven for small, invertebrate creatures at risk of extinction.

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What is a Habitat?

Endangered species have strong preferences too for the places they make their homes, and for some, those requirements are nonnegotiable.

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